Latest Structures Page 46

Greenbanks Hollow Covered Bridge, Danville Vermont

Greenbanks Hollow Covered Bridge, Danville Vermont

The Greenbanks Hollow covered bridge is the last covered wood bridge to survive in the town of Danville. Herbert Wheaton Congdon states that the bridge was built originally without its roof and was covered later. The Greenbanks Hollow bridge displays marked architectural similarity to the five covered bridges in the adjoining town of Lyndon. Generally, the bridges have open upper walls, extended eaves, projecting gable ends, and portals framed either with diagonal upper corners or arches, each complemented by Similar forms under the eaves. These characteristics identify the most distinctive regional design among the covered bridges in Vermont. The covered bridges of Vermont are among its most cherished and symbolic historic resources. About one hundred bridges still stand in the state,

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Fort Hill - John C. Calhoun House, Clemson South Carolina

Fort Hill - John C. Calhoun House, Clemson South Carolina

Fort Hill, the plantation home of John C. Calhoun during the last 25 years of his life is today well-maintained in the center of Clemson University campus. When he moved to the house in 1825 Calhoun was Vice President of the United States, at the height of his career, having gained national recognition as one of the War Hawks in the Twelfth Congress and as Secretary of War under James Monroe. He long aspired to the presidency, without success, but he did serve another cabinet position, as Secretary of State under John Tyler in 1845, and he died in Washington, D.C. in March 1850, still very much involved in representing the Southern viewpoint in the Great Compromise debate in the Senate.

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Glenn-Thompson Plantation, Pittsview Alabama

Glenn-Thompson Plantation, Pittsview Alabama

Constructed in 1837 as the home of one of Russell County's earliest settlers, Cedar Heights is one of the finest examples of the smaller Greek Revival plantation houses in the county and illustrates how the style was perceived by leading settlers in the area. The plantation lands were originally inhabited by the Creek Indians. In 1832 the Creek Cession in Eastern Alabama took place, clearing the way for settlement. The original 640 acres of land was deeded to Samuel B. Benton in 1835. Benton, however, quickly sold the land to Massilon McKendree Glenn. Massilon Glenn was the eldest son of the Reverend James Glenn, founder of nearby Glennville. The younger Glenn was a leading voice in literary societies in this area.

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Green River Covered Bridge, Green River Village Vermont

Green River Covered Bridge, Green River Village Vermont

The Green River Covered Bridge is the visual and architectural focus of an extraordinary well-preserved example of a 19th century Vermont hill village. Except for an occasional motor vehicle and a few utility wires, the hamlet of Green River with its gravel roads, shade trees, clapboard houses, church, mill pond, and covered bridge has survived unscathed by the mechanical and commercial blight that is plaguing many Vermont villages. The Green River Bridge is an integral part of this unique historic environment. In addition, the Green River Bridge is one of the most carefully maintained covered bridges in Vermont. Not burdened by heavy vehicular traffic, the bridge should stand for many more decades to represent the quality of wooden bridge building in

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Cuba Plantation, Faunsdale Alabama

Cuba Plantation, Faunsdale Alabama

In 1835, John C. Calhoun, the great South Carolina statesman, and his son Andrew purchased 1,140 acres of land known as the Tulip Hill plantation, near the community of Faunsdale, Marengo County, Alabama. In 1840, Andrew Calhoun purchased Cuba, a second plantation adjacent to Tulip Hill on the west, consisting of approximately 840 acres. Cuba was a working plantation; the management of the plantation was left to an overseer. In the mid-1850s, Andrew Calhoun sold Tulip Hill plantation, his principal residence, and returned to South Carolina where he purchased his father's estate, Fort Hill. He retained possession of Cuba, however, eventually adding an additional 420 acres to the property. The 1860 census notes that Cuba was under the management of Anderson

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Twin Oaks Plantation, Greenville Georgia

Twin Oaks Plantation, Greenville Georgia

Twin Oaks is an excellent and well-preserved antebellum Greek Revival plantation house. Like many houses from this period, it was built of wood, stone, and brick secured from the site. The house was built by a slave craftsman, Elbert Wimbish. The landscaping of the grounds, especially the planting of trees, and the siting of the house upon a knoll are characteristic of Greek Revival-period landscape architecture. J.M.C. Robertson, the original owner of the house, was a wealthy planter and cotton industrialist. J.M.C. Robertson's plantation house was started about 1855. The highly skilled builder/craftsman Elbert Wimbish, a slave owned by Dr. Hezekiah S. Wimbish, was borrowed to build the house. Wimbish is known to have built the Greek Revival home of Dr.

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Great Eddy Covered Bridge, Waitsfield Vermont

Great Eddy Covered Bridge, Waitsfield Vermont

The Great Eddy Covered Bridge is probably the second oldest covered wood bridge in Vermont, at least among those whose dates have been documented. Records of the Town of Waitsfield indicate that the bridge was built in 1833; only the Pulp Mill bridge in Middlebury is probably older. Although the Pulp Mill bridge is also the longest Burr truss bridge remaining in the state, it has been reinforced with two intermediate piers. The Great Eddy Bridge now has the longest clear span of any Burr truss bridge in Vermont. The Great Eddy Bridge constitutes an outstanding example of the functional preservation of a historic structure. By 1972 the bridge had deteriorated to an extent that required either major repairs or outright

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Mukwonago High School, Mukwonago Wisconsin

Mukwonago High School, Mukwonago Wisconsin

Washington Avenue School was Mukwonago's first high school building. Both the original 1900 structure and the 1934 classroom/gymnasium addition are inextricably linked to statewide patterns related to the creation and expansion of public high schools. By the late nineteenth century the state's Free High School Law of 1875 began to exhibit a pronounced influence on the number of secondary schools being constructed in Wisconsin. After receiving an initial sluggish response, the law gradually supplied the impetus to increase the number of public high schools from slightly more than 100 in 1880 to 209 by 1900. It offered the enticement of state funding support, which provided one-half of the cost of educational instruction up to $500 per high school. This outside source

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Gorham Covered Bridge, Proctor Vermont

Gorham Covered Bridge, Proctor Vermont

One of four covered wood bridges remaining in the town of Pittsford, the Gorham Bridge was built in 1841 by Abraham Owen and Nicholas M. Powers. Powers, who became Vermont's most famous covered bridge builder, served his apprenticeship under Owen. The Gorham Bridge represents a later collaboration of the two master builders. Of the many bridges that Powers built during a career of more than forty years, only the Gorham and two other bridges survive in Vermont. The covered bridges of Vermont are among its most cherished and symbolic historic resources. About one hundred bridges still stand in the state, the greatest concentration by area of covered bridges in the country. Bridge Description The Gorham Covered Bridge is a single span

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Amity Leather Products Company Factory, West Bend Wisconsin

Amity Leather Products Company Factory, West Bend Wisconsin

The future city of West Bend received its first European-American settlers in 1846. They were drawn by the construction of a new, state-sponsored road running from Milwaukee to Fond du Lac, built in 1845. Byron Kilbourn, James Kneeland and Dr. Erastus B. Walcott supervised the construction of the road, which would cut the travel time between Milwaukee and Fond du Lac to two days. Kilbourn, Kneeland and Walcott realized that travelers would need a place to stop over, and purchased land adjacent to the road about half-way between Milwaukee and Fond du Lac. A portion of this land was platted as West Bend in January 1846, named for the nearby horse-shoe bend in the Milwaukee River. The same year, Dr. Walcott

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Gold Brook Covered Bridge, Stowe Vermont

Gold Brook Covered Bridge, Stowe Vermont

The Gold Brook Covered Bridge is unique in Vermont, being the only bridge supported by timber Howe trusses which carries a public highway in the state. (One other bridge of the same truss type still stands in Vermont near East Shoreham, but it was built for railroad use.) The Howe truss, with its iron suspension rods and angle blocks, represents the transition from wood to iron for structural material in bridge construction. John W. Smith built the Gold Brook Bridge in about 1844, which ranks it among the earliest applications of the Howe truss. (The first bridge of the type was constructed in Massachusetts in 1838) The Gold Brook Bridge is the only covered bridge remaining in the town of Stowe.

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Sanford Whip Factory, Westfield Massachusetts

Sanford Whip Factory, Westfield Massachusetts

This simple, brick, Italianate structure is intricately linked with the history of Westfield's whip-making industry, which fueled the city's 19th-century development and gave the city a worldwide reputation. Four of Westfield's whip manufacturers; the Sanford Whip Company, Lay Whip Company, Massasoit Whip Company, and Donovan Brothers, used the building at one time or another for whip manufacturing. The Sanford Whip building was one of several facilities acquired by the United States Whip Company when it consolidated more than a dozen of Westfield's whip companies in 1892. When the automobile brought about the decline of the whip industry, the Standard Whip Company bought the building and successfully adapted to the changing economy, manufacturing novelties and party favors for nearly seventy years as

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Haw Creek Leather Company, Columbus Indiana

Haw Creek Leather Company, Columbus Indiana

In the early twentieth century, leather was an important material with a variety of uses. It was used to make harnesses, shoes, upholstery, luggage, belts, and many other products. The First World War contributed to the growth of the industry, as military demand for leather products increased. Leather continued to be in demand during the prosperous years of the 1920s. Markets for leather decreased during the Great Depression of the 1930s, but increased again in the late 1930s, with the beginning of the war in Europe. After World War II, the use of leather steadily declined. Increased use of automobiles and tractors resulted in decreased use of horses. This meant that less leather was needed for saddles, harnesses, and bridles. Vinyl,

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Gifford Covered Bridge, East Randolph Vermont

Gifford Covered Bridge, East Randolph Vermont

The Gifford Covered Bridge is one of three covered wood bridges remaining in the town of Randolph. The Gifford Bridge and the nearby Braley Bridge are unique among the covered bridges in Vermont: their multiple kingpost trusses rise only half the height of the side walls in contrast to the full height of that truss type in applications to other bridges. The half-size trusses suggest that the bridges were built originally without roofs and were covered later, possibly during the first decade of the twentieth century. The covered bridges of Vermont are among its most cherished and symbolic historic resources. About one hundred of the bridges still stand in the state, the highest concentration by area of covered bridges in the

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Rispin Mansion, Capitola California

Rispin Mansion, Capitola California

Abandoned Mansion in CA had Secret Rooms and a Hidden Bootleg Distillery

The Rispin Mansion was built for Henry Allen Rispin, who resided in the house from 1921 until 1929. Rispin made his first land purchase in Capitola in 1918 and would eventually own and control nearly all of the community until his economic collapse in 1929. He was responsible for transforming a sleepy little summer Campground into a year-round seaside tourist attraction. Capitola is strategically located along the state's coastal highway, and Rispin foresaw the potential of this seaside community for year-round tourism and weekend excursions. The 1920s saw the development of better roads, better cars, greater availability of gasoline, and, most importantly, the completion of the Glenwood Highway (Highway 17) in 1923 connecting Santa Cruz County to the valley areas. In

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Goodwill Theatre, Johnson City New York

Goodwill Theatre, Johnson City New York

The Goodwill Theatre is one of the recreation programs established by George F. Johnson, owner of the Endicott Johnson Shoe Company. Constructed 1920 to the design of local architects Lacey, Schenck, and Cummings, the theater is distinguished by its monumental, size, temple-form facade, and lavish, classically inspired interior decoration. The movie theater was a gift to the residents of Johnson City from George F. Johnson, their leading employer. One of Johnson's numerous philanthropic efforts on behalf of his workers over the long period of his involvement with Endicott Johnson, the Goodwill Theatre represents Johnson's generosity, his concern for the well being of his employees and his wide reaching influence over many aspects of their lives. Known as the Square Deal, Johnson's

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Gates Farm Covered Bridge, Cambridge Vermont

Gates Farm Covered Bridge, Cambridge Vermont

The Gates Farm Covered Bridge, which crosses the Seymour River near the east edge of Cambridge village, is the last covered bridge supported by timber Burr arch trusses to have been built in Vermont. The bridge is one of only nine Burr truss bridges remaining in the state. George W. Holmes of nearby Jeffersonville built the Gates Farm Bridge in 1897. Known as the Little Bridge in comparison with a longer dual-lane covered bridge which crossed the Lamoille River a few hundred feet to the north, the bridge stood on its original site until 1950. In that year the longer bridge was replaced, and the channel of the Seymour River was relocated to eliminate the crossing at the Little Bridge. The

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Delaney Hotel, North Hoosick New York

Delaney Hotel, North Hoosick New York

The hotel site was originally part of a large farm owned by Benajah Burgess. After he died in 1831, his land was divided between his three sons, John, Harvey, and Nairn (also spelled Narron). In 1834, John and Harvey gave full ownership to Nairn, who ushered the property into a new era. In 1836 North Hoosick was the site of a large flannel factory, a scythe factory, a store, a tavern, and twenty residential dwellings. A regional population of around 3000 people in 1850 exploded to approximately 10,000 by 1900. The force behind this expansion were mills and a farm machinery factory. Manufacturing … held a chief place in the growth and progress of the village. The presence of this manufacturing

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Fuller Covered Bridge, Montgomery Vermont

Fuller Covered Bridge, Montgomery Vermont

The Fuller Covered Bridge crosses Black Falls Brook in Montgomery village. Five other covered wood bridges remain in the town of Montgomery, giving it the highest concentration of covered bridges by town in Vermont. Two brothers, Sheldon and Savannah Jewett of Montgomery, built all six of the bridges; they completed the Fuller Bridge in 1890, probably the last of their bridge projects. The Jewetts used Town lattice trusses in all of the bridges, which also share a common architectural design and similar dimensions (except for length). Together with another bridge constructed by the Jewett brothers in the adjoining town of Enosburg, the Montgomery bridges constitute the most extensive surviving record of the work of any individual covered bridge builders who practiced

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Jersey City Central Railroad Terminal, Jersey City New Jersey

Jersey City Central Railroad Terminal, Jersey City New Jersey

The Jersey City Terminal of the Central Railroad of New Jersey was one of seven fully developed railroad maritime passenger terminals that once existed at the Port of New York. The maritime terminal was a harbor side terminus of a railroad that provided direct transfer to regularly scheduled ferry boats connecting the terminal with a city center separated from the terminal by a body of water. These maritime terminals, as an architectural type and in their technological development, were unique to the New York/New Jersey Harbor and the San Francisco Bay. They were excellent solutions to one of the most complex circulation problems that had yet been encountered in railroad station design. Large terminal railroad stations have often been acknowledged as

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