Latest Structures Page 116

Paris Woolen Mill - Stayton Woolen Mill, Stayton Oregon

Paris Woolen Mill - Stayton Woolen Mill, Stayton Oregon

The main Stayton Woolen Mill building, dating from 1905, is a 2½-story, gable-roofed building of post and beam construction with roof-ridge monitors and assorted extensions and annexes situated on the West Stayton Ditch, a power canal diverting water from the North Santiam River in Stayton, Oregon. Wool processing and manufacturing has been an integral part of Stayton's economy since the town's founding. The Stayton Woolen Mills Company was incorporated in 1905 and flourished to 1911, at which time it was reorganized as Santiam Woolen Mills, an enterprise which extended through the 1920s. As the Paris Woolen Mills, the plant's machinery was updated in the years between 1933 and 1944. The plant was acquired by John Etzel in 1947, and manufacturing continued

Union County Alliance Flouring Mill - La Grande Milling Company, La Grande Oregon

Union County Alliance Flouring Mill - La Grande Milling Company, La Grande Oregon

Grain growing has been important in the area since the mid-1860s, when much of the flour was sold to feed the gold miners in Baker County. More wheat was grown than could be sold as flour before the railroad came, so it was fed to hogs, and the hogs were made into bacon for the miners. In 1884 the Oregon Short Line connected the Union Pacific from Omaha to the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company Line up the Columbia. Last spike ceremonies were held at Huntington, near the Oregon-Idaho border. Railroad construction began in the valley of the Grande Ronde in 1882 and opened a new market for whole grain wheat, flour, and hogs. Flour mills were essential to be the

American Cigar Company, Trenton New Jersey

American Cigar Company, Trenton New Jersey

On June 17^th, 1901, the Consolidated Tobacco Company was incorporated in Trenton, NJ with a capital of $30,000,000. Under the umbrella of this company were several smaller enterprises including the American Cigar Company, the American Tobacco Company, the Continental Tobacco Company, the British-American Tobacco Company and the American Snuff Company. In this arrangement, the Consolidated Tobacco Company owned either a majority or a large portion of the stock of the subsidiary companies, thereby effectively controlling them without being in danger of having a monopoly. In 1904, the company was marginally reorganized and renamed the American Tobacco Company. This series of companies was colloquially known as the Tobacco Trust and, at the time of its founding, was responsible for producing 68% of

Demarest Railroad Depot, Demarest New Jersey

Demarest Railroad Depot, Demarest New Jersey

Demarest was initially a flag stop on the Northern Railroad of New Jersey, which was later absorbed by the Erie Railroad. The Erie Railroad first began operations in the 1840s in New York State at the Piermont terminus. By 1848, they had expanded into New Jersey and by the 1860s began taking over local or regional routes that fell on bad times or could not operate effectively without access to Erie's main lines. Both the Northern Railroad of New Jersey and the New Jersey & New York Railroad were leased in 1869, the Bergen County Railroad in 1881, and the New York & Greenwood Lake Railroad in 1896. Demarest was initially a flag stop, meaning the train would stop only when

Plaquemine High School - Elementary School, Plaquemine Louisiana

Plaquemine High School - Elementary School, Plaquemine Louisiana

The Plaquemine High School building was erected in 1911 at a cost of $46,805. Although its role as a high school was reflected in its name, it actually served elementary as well as high school students. It served in this capacity until 1931, when a new high school building was completed. At that time, the older building was rechristened as the Plaquemine Elementary School. The building continued in use as an elementary school until the end of the 1986-87 school year. Located on the west bank of the Mississippi River at the mouth of Bayou Plaquemine, the City of Plaquemine was incorporated in 1838. However, most of its early buildings have been lost to cave-ins which repeatedly plunged local streets, businesses

Hoyt Shoe Company Factory, Manchester New Hampshire

Hoyt Shoe Company Factory, Manchester New Hampshire

Former Shoe Manufacturing Mill in NH

Until the mid-1880s, shoemaking in Manchester was a cottage industry, and textiles dominated the local economy. Though textiles remained the primary industry through the Depression, within the space of a decade, shoe manufacturing rose to prominence. By 1900 seven companies employed 2,000 people. Ten years later, with over 7,700 people working in the industry the city claimed a national rank of fourth in shoe production; by mid-century, Manchester justly called itself Shoe City. Following the collapse of the textile Industry during the Depression, many of the shoe companies moved into the vacant mills in the Amoskeag millyard. The first Hoyt factory building was erected in 1892 by the Queen City Land and Building Association headed by James F. Briggs, a Manchester

Kimball Brothers Shoe Factory, Manchester New Hampshire

Kimball Brothers Shoe Factory, Manchester New Hampshire

Until the construction of the Kimball Shoe Factory, shoemaking in Manchester was a cottage industry, and textiles dominated the local economy. Though textiles remained the primary industry through the Depression, within the space of a decade, shoe manufacturing rose to prominence. By 1900 seven companies employed 2,000 people. Ten years later, with over 7,700 people working in the industry, the city claimed a national rank of fourth in shoe production and a New England rank of second, Following World War I and the reintroduction of English imports, all of Manchester's shoe companies experienced a major decline in demand. In an attempt to improve the skills of the local labor market, the Manchester Shoe and Leather Continuation School opened, offering training programs.

Quinnipiac Brewery, New Haven Connecticut

Quinnipiac Brewery, New Haven Connecticut

Beer had been an important part of the American diet since the earliest European settlements at Plymouth and in Virginia. Until the mid-19^th century, the American thirst for beer had been served by the output of innumerable small breweries found throughout the country. These pre-industrial breweries were necessarily small, with neither refrigeration nor easy transportation available, they were confined to serving only local markets. Moreover, their operations were possible only in the cool months of the year, when air temperatures allowed natural cooling. Despite their small size, the early breweries initiated design features which were carried over into later, larger plants. Because of the use of gravity to move raw materials, breweries were often multi-story buildings, sometimes with storage cellars extending

Clinchfield Depot, Erwin Tennessee

Clinchfield Depot, Erwin Tennessee

The location of the railroad in Erwin had a major impact on the small community by providing instant growth recognition. The depot, built in 1925, is one of the three remaining stations along the original CC&O railroad route. The building is a prime example of railroad depot architecture from that era that also adapted to some of the vernacular styles of the community. It stands today very much as it was originally built. Erwin, Tennessee is the county seat for Unicoi County, formed in 1875. Viola Ruth Swingle, in her book entitled Erwin, described the town as a deep cup set in the center of the county of with the outstanding beauty of the mountains forming the rim of the cup.

Bobo Senior High School Building, Clarksdale Mississippi

Bobo Senior High School Building, Clarksdale Mississippi

Completed in 1930, Bobo Senior High School served the Clarksdale community and its surrounding communities from 1930 until its closing in 1999. The land was originally owned by the Bobo family, some of the first settlers in Coahoma County back in the early 1800s. Like many early settlers, the Bobo family understood how important education was to any civilized society, so they donated the land for construction of a school. The Bobo Senior High School stands as a monument to the pioneers who settled Coahoma County. The Bobo Senior High School Building was erected as a result of efforts to unify and establish a complete and centralized education program in Clarksdale. The first public school in Clarksdale opened in 1884. A

Texas and Pacific Railroad Depot, Bonham Texas

Texas and Pacific Railroad Depot, Bonham Texas

First settled in 1837, Bonham is one of the two oldest communities in the Red River Valley. Since before the Civil War, the town functioned as a commercial and agricultural business center for the region. During the War, Bonham became the site of a Confederate hospital and large commissary supply center. The northern sub-district of the Confederate Army was also headquartered in Bonham under the command of General Henry McCulloch. The post-war arrival of the railroad in Bonham brought a period of prosperity and growth which lasted into the early 20^th century. On October 12, 1873, the first train arrived in Bonham on tracks built from Sherman eastward, and from Texarkana westward. The Texarkana to Fort Worth branch was completed in

Teapot Dome Gas Service Station, Zillah Washington

Teapot Dome Gas Service Station, Zillah Washington

The Teapot Dome Service Station is a landmark example of the roadside architectural follies built during the expansion of the national highway network in the 1920's and 30's. Constructed in 1922 to resemble a teapot, complete with handle and spout, the gas station is a humorous reminder of the Teapot Dome oil lease scandals that rocked the Harding Administration. Station owner Jack Ainsworth designed and built the structure the year of the scandal; the business was purchased by A.J. Thomas in 1928 and has been operated almost continuously since then by his family. Fanciful architectural expressions were a colorful feature of highway culture and commerce during the period. Highly visible and usually humorous, these buildings caught the eye of the passing

Baker Electric Motor Vehicle Company, Cleveland Ohio

Baker Electric Motor Vehicle Company, Cleveland Ohio

Cleveland had a remarkable number of automobile manufacturers during the late 19^th and early 20^th century. Some lasted only a few years, while others survived for several decades. Cleveland can claim at least fourteen electric car manufacturers between 1898-1920. Of these, only Baker Electric (through its merger with Rauch & Lang) could claim to be in production for this entire period. Most of the other automobile companies lasted for two to five years. This period was one of great innovation in the automobile industry. Since automobiles of this period were custom-built and small in numbers, barriers to entry into the automobile production business were relatively low requiring only simple machinery and mechanical ingenuity. Engines and transmissions were uncomplicated in design and

Cleveland Arcade, Cleveland Ohio

Cleveland Arcade, Cleveland Ohio

The great glass-roofed Arcade was the forerunner of many of today's shopping centers, it combined under one roof a large number of stores and as a covered street it connected two of the main thoroughfares in Cleveland's downtown commercial area. This brightly lit passageway was a 19^th century engineering marvel. It had precedents abroad in France, Belguim and the greatest of all in Europe: Mengioni's Galleria Vittorio Emanuele in Milan (1860's). One of the best known in America, although much smaller in scale and much earlier in date (1828) is Warren's Providence Arcade in Rhode Island. The Cleveland Arcade was financed by a group of prominent business and civic leaders: J. M. Curtiss, a real estate broker, Myron T. Herrick, a

The Arcade, Providence Rhode Island

The Arcade, Providence Rhode Island

Some of the finest examples of the Greek Revival style in America are in the state of Rhode Island. These houses, churches and commercial structures are largely the work of two men, Russell Warren and James C. Bucklin (1801-1880). The Arcade, one of the most beautiful of those early commercial structures imitating European business arcades, is still the most elegant building in the area and still functions as a series of shops. It is also an important example of early monolithic granite construction. Praised in all the basic texts (Hamlin, Downing and Hitchcock), the Arcade was studied in particular by Robert Alexander (Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, October 1953, vol. 12, no. 3). He gives the design to Warren

Penfield Reef Lighthouse, Bridgeport Connecticut

Penfield Reef Lighthouse, Bridgeport Connecticut

Penfield Reef Lighthouse, established in 1874, embodies one of the most popular masonry dwelling-with-tower designs used by the U.S. Lighthouse Board during the 1860s and 1870s. This Second Empire designs based on the domestic architecture of the period, reflected the national enthusiasm for picturesque revival architectural styles. A picture of Penfield Reef was included in the Lighthouse Board's exhibit at the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia in 1876. Penfield Reef Lighthouse also is significant in the history of aids to navigation in Long Island Sound, as an important part of the federal program to accommodate increased commercial traffic in the Bridgeport Harbor area after the Civil War. Penfield Reef Lighthouse was an essential part of the development of Bridgeport Harbor after the

Peacock Brewery - Rockford Brewing Company, Rockford Illinois

Peacock Brewery - Rockford Brewing Company, Rockford Illinois

Rockford is located about 20 miles south of the Wisconsin border and 90 miles northwest of Chicago, Illinois. Germanicus Kent and Thatcher Blake founded the town in 1834. The early explorers were searching for a location to set up a sawmill and discovered the area when looking for a place to ford the Rock River. They built a small dam and sawmill on the bank of what is now known as Kent Creek on the west side of the Rock River. In the spring of 1835, another group of settlers, led by Daniel Haight made their home on the east bank of the river. Rockford was in a convenient location midway between the growing town of Chicago and Galena. An old

Woolworth Store Building, Clarksdale Mississippi

Woolworth Store Building, Clarksdale Mississippi

Woolworth's, as the F.W. Woolworth Co. store was called, was the most significant element of most small-town downtowns across America throughout the first half of the 20^th century, and the Clarksdale store was no exception. The F.W. Woolworth Co. was among the first five-and-dime stores, which sold discounted general merchandise at fixed prices, usually five or ten cents, undercutting the prices of small local merchants. It was also one of the first stores to put merchandise out for the shopping public to handle, select and purchase. In earlier shops, merchandise was kept behind the counter and customers presented the clerk with a list of items they wished to buy. During the first half of the 20^th century, the main street of

Red Wing Potteries - Minnesota Stoneware Company, Red Wing Minnesota

Red Wing Potteries - Minnesota Stoneware Company, Red Wing Minnesota

The Minnesota Stoneware Company was founded in 1883 during the years that the pottery trade reached its greatest significance in Minnesota's industrial pattern. Its organization was stimulated by the success of the Red Wing Stoneware Company, founded in 1877. By 1890 the Red Wing plants were reported to be the largest establishment of their kind in the nation. They utilized local clay in the production of stoneware crocks jugs, and milk pans. A partial merger was effected in 1894 between the Red Wing and Minnesota Stoneware Companies to meet the competition of the newer and larger North Star plant, organized in 1892. The merger set up a joint sales organization and enabled both companies to greatly widen their markets. North Star

Gertenslager Carriage and Wagon Company, Wooster Ohio

Gertenslager Carriage and Wagon Company, Wooster Ohio

Built in 1908 as the Gertenslager Carriage and Wagon Co., it served this purpose through 1925 when the business had become simply the Gertenslager Co. Progressing with the times, the Gertenslager Co. manufactured carriage and truck bodies. Henry Gertenslager also began manufacturing automobile tops and trimmings in the same building. The Gertenslager business was so successful that by 1930 the company had moved to an even larger complex where it continued to expand through 1945. Subsequently, the factory building has contained such diverse businesses as a farm implement dealership, a general store which specialized in used false teeth, a paint shop, and a moving and storage company. The Gertenslager family founded this successful local business and managed and expanded it to

Book Title Lost Places: Images of Bygone America

Lost Places: Images of Bygone America

Book Title Abandoned: Hauntingly Beautiful Deserted Theme Parks

Abandoned: Hauntingly Beautiful Deserted Theme Parks

Book Title Abandoned Palaces (Abandoned Places)

Abandoned Palaces (Abandoned Places)

Book Title Abandoned America: Dismantling The Dream

Abandoned America: Dismantling The Dream

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